Rnsto "Che" Guevara (June 14, 1928 - October 9, 1967), better known as Che Guevara (Che Guevara), or chi (El Che), or simply Che (Che), (Spanish: Ernesto 'Che' Ernestico Guevara de la Serna) this file Listen to the pronunciation (? · info) (pronounced Gڤara), a Cuban revolutionary Marxist Argentini the generator as it doctor, writer and leader of the guerrilla war and military leader and a man of major global and personal state in the Cuban Revolution. His image has become rhetoric since his death a symbol everywhere and global insignia within popular culture.
Guevara traveled when he was a student at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires, who graduated in 1953, to all parts of Latin America with his friend Alberto Granado on a motorbike which is in the final year of college, he made that trip of his personality and his sense of the unity of South America and injustice grand indeed imperialists on the simple Latin farms, change internally after watching the endemic poverty there.
Led his experiences and observations during this trip to the conclusion that economic inequalities inherent in the region, which was monopoly capitalism, neo-colonialism and imperialism as a result. Guevara felt that the only remedy is a world revolution. This belief was the motivation behind his involvement in Guatemala's social reforms under President Jacobo Arbenz Guzman, who helped the CIA eventually overthrown by making it easier deployment Guevara radical ideology. Guevara while he was living in Mexico City, he met with Raul Castro exile with his friends who were preparing for the revolution and are waiting out Fidel Castro from his prison in Cuba. What came out of this last of his imprisonment until Guevara decided to join the Cuban Revolution. Fidel Castro saw that they desperately need a doctor, and he joined them in the 26th of July Movement, which invaded Cuba aboard the Granma overthrow of the dictatorial regime supported by the United States, which supports the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista structure. Guevara soon emerged between the militants and was promoted to second in command, where he played a pivotal role in the success of the campaign over two years of armed war that toppled the Batista regime.
In the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution has Guevara performed a number of key roles for the new government, which included the revision of the appeals and death squads for those convicted of war crimes during the Revolutionary Courts, and the foundations of the agrarian reform laws when he was minister of industry and also served as president and director of the National Bank and the executive chairman of the Cuban armed forces, the world as a diplomat Jaap behalf of the Cuban socialism. Such positions allowed him to play a key role in training the militia forces who Sddn Bay of Pigs invasion, and brought to Cuba ballistic nuclear armed missiles from the Soviet Union in 1962 that led to the beginning of the Cuban missile crisis. In addition, Guevara was a writer writes his diary-year-old also wrote a what looks like a brochure for the life of guerrilla warfare, as well as A bestseller throughout South America memoirs young man on a motorcycle trip.
Guevara left Cuba in 1965 to incite revolutions first failed in Congo Kinshasa and then followed by another attempt in Bolivia, where he was arrested by the CIA with the help of the Bolivian forces and executed.
Historical figure Guevara still undermine both revered and respected, polarized the collective imagination in this regard and many biographies, memoirs, essays, documentaries, songs and movies. And even safeguarded Time magazine among the percent of the most influential people in the twentieth century, while the image taken by Alberto Korda, called Gerelaro Hirooico (origin of the name in Spanish means in Arabic guerrilla hero) (as shown in the article template), have been identified as "image the most famous in the world. "
Guevara learned chess from his father and began participating in local tournaments when he reached the age of twelve years. During adolescence and throughout his life Guevara was passionate about poetry, especially of the poet Pablo Neruda and John Keats and Antonio Machado and Federico Garcia Lorca and Gabriela Mistral and Caesar Vallejo and Walt Whitman. [10] He could quote verses of poetry of Rudyard Kipling and also to Jose Hernandez by heart. [10] Guevara was a house that has more than three thousand books, which allowed him to be an enthusiastic and eclectic reader, where interested reading about Karl Marx, William Faulkner and André Gide and Emilio Salgary and Jules Verne. [11] In addition, Guevara was reading the work of Jawaharlal Nehru and Franz Kafka and Albert Camus and Vladimir Lenin, and Jean-Paul Sartre, as well as Anatole France and Frederick Engels and H. G. Wells, and Robert Frost.
Ernesto teen (left) with his parents and siblings in California in 1944. Sitting next to him from left to right: Celia (mother) and Celia (sister), Roberto, Argentine Juan Martin Ernesto (father) and Anna Maria.
Guevara in 1951 at the age of 22
When Enlarge Guevara became interested in reading Latin American writers such as Horacio Quiroga and Ciro Alegria and Jorge Icaza, Ruben Dario and Miguel Asturias. [12] The Guevara write down the ideas of many of these writers in his own writings in his own handwriting with the concepts and definitions, and philosophies of prominent intellectuals from his point of view, and also made some analytical studies of the Buddha and Aristotle, along with his studies of Bertrand Russell for love and patriotism, and the community of Jack London and the idea of Nietzsche's death. Vtbn Guevara ideas of Sigmund Freud, where taking him in a variety of topics such as dreams and sexual desire and narcissism and the Oedipus complex. [12] Included favorite subject at school philosophy, mathematics, engineering, political science, sociology, history and archeology. [13] [14] On 13 February 1958, published by the CIA "CV and report personal" secret who indicated that Guevara was a background variety of academic and intellectual interests, describing it as a "good reader" and commented that "Che cultured despite being Hispanic." [15]
Guevara then got additional function which is the position of head of the National Bank, which put Che at the height of his power in addition to being minister of industry and made him the Tsar "default" of the Cuban economy. [82] The first goal is to diversify Cuba's economy as well as the elimination of material incentives in favor of moral motives. Capitalism was seen as a contest "among wolves" where "one does not seek only to win at the expense of others" and thus required to see the establishment of "new men and women." [83] Guevara continually stressed that a socialist economy in itself is not "worth the effort, sacrifice and the risk of war and destruction," If you ended up encouraging "greed and individual ambition at the expense of the collective spirit. [84] Thus, the main objective of Guevara became the reform" individual consciousness "and values to provide better workers and citizens. [84] in his opinion was on the "new man" for Cuba to be able to overcome the selfishness and self-love, who was Alhma severely because they are characteristic of individuals in capitalist societies. [84] he said Guevara following in the description of this method new development:
Che Guevara, there is great between free enterprise and the development of the revolutionary development teams. In one of wealth concentrated in the hands of the lucky few friends of the government, the best car and motorcycle dealers in other wealth is concentrated in the heritage of the people. [85] Che Guevara
Guevara's beliefs that there is an integral part of the further enhance the sense of "national unity between the individual and the group," a volunteer work. To display this, Guevara and his leadership by example, and that by working "endlessly at his job in the ministry in the field of construction and even cutting sugar cane" in the days of recess. [86] Has been known to work 36 hours straight to calling meetings after midnight, and eating viewer. [84] It was this behavior befitting Bgevara in the new way of stimulating the moral, where he was required of all workers now meet the quota and produce a certain number of goods However canceled increases in wages and by providing an alternative, a system that allows for workers when their share exceeded get a commendation certificate while the workers who failed to fulfill their share is reduced wages. [84] Guevara defended his philosophy and personal motivation behind it, saying:
Che Guevara, this does not mean how much someone can eat does not mean how many times you go to the beach in a year or how many pieces of jewelry that someone can buy from outside the country, the current Bmsrovh. What really matters is that the individual feels more complete with indoor richness of the largest and greater responsibility. Che Guevara
Regardless of the merits or demerits of Guevara's economic principles and programs, which ended in failure soon. [87] Guevara's program of "moral incentives" for workers caused a rapid decline in productivity on a rapid rise in absenteeism in the workplace. [88] In April 17, 1961, the United States has trained thousand four hundred of Cuban exiles to invade the island in the Bay of Pigs invasion incident. Guevara himself did not play a key role in the fighting, because the day before the invasion, the warship Marines faked an invasion of movement off the west coast of Pinar del Rio, has been guiding forces led by Guevara to that region. However historians give credit where Guevara was executive director of the Cuban armed forces at the time is right to share in this victory. [89] Author Tad Szulc explained the Cuban victory, which assigns some credit for Guevara, saying that the revolutionaries won because Che Guevara as head of the Department of the Revolutionary Armed Forces in charge of the militia training program they have very good 200,000 men and women to prepare for war. Through the deployment of a bullet passing Bkhaddh his pistol Guevara was also injured when he fell from the holster and shot off accidentally. [90]
In August 1961 on the sidelines of the economic conference of the Organization of American States in Punta del Este in Uruguay, Che Guevara sent a memo "gratitude" to US President John F. Kennedy by Richard Goodwin - a Skirter young man in the White House - which reads as follows: Thank you for what happened at the Bay of Pigs . Such as the invasion was the rebels are not sure of themselves, and now they are stronger than ever. [91] The Secretary of the Treasury Douglas Dillon display response from the United States, the Alliance for Progress to ratify it before the meeting and attacked Guevara aggressively demanding the United States being a democracy, pointing out that such a system does not comply with what is happening from the financial oligarchy, discrimination against blacks and abuse by the Ku Klux Klan. [92] Guevara continued, speaking against the persecution that in his opinion, such as Oppenheimer led the scientists to isolate them from their jobs, [92] Guevara ended his remarks sarcastically hint that the United States is not interested in establishing real reforms. US experts never talk about agrarian reform and prefer safe topics such as improving the water supply. In short, it seems poised to revolutionize toilets. [93]
Guevara was an engineer practically Cuban-Soviet relations, [94] and then played a key role in bringing the nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles to Cuba from the Soviet Union that led to the Cuban missile crisis in October 1962 and has made the world a healed of nuclear war. [95] During an interview with the British newspaper the communist daily workers a few weeks after the crisis Guevara was still angry because of the perceived betrayal of the Soviets, said that if the rocket under Cuban control, they would have fired them on the spot. [96] Noted British reporter Sam Russell, who spoke to Guevara at the time, to mixed feelings and describing him as a warm personality and a man of intelligence large but rockets for him is Kmufrqat, [96] convinced the missile crisis Guevara that the two superpowers in the world - the United States and the Union Soviet - used Cuba as a pawn in global strategies. Then became almost condemning the Soviets with all denounced the Americans. [97]
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Che hated dependence on the Cuban Revolution
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